Image Processing-Based Lung Cancer Detection Using Adaptive CNN Mixed Sine Cosine Crow Search Algorithm in Medical Applications

Medical image processing relies heavily on the diagnosis of lung cancer images. It aids doctors in determining the correct diagnosis and management. For many patients, lung cancer ranks among the most deadly diseases. Many lives can be saved if cancerous growth is diagnosed early. Computed Tomography (CT) is a critical diagnostic technique for lung cancer. There was also an issue with finding lung cancer due to the time constraints in using the various diagnostic methods. In this study, an Adaptive CNN Mixed Sine Cosine Crow Search (ACNN-SCCS) strategy is proposed to assess the presence of lung cancer in CT images based on the imaging technique. Accordingly, the presented classification scheme is used to assess these traits and determine whether or not the samples include cancerous cells. To obtain the highest level of accuracy for our research the proposed technique is analyzed and compared to many other approaches, and its performance metrics (detection accuracy, precision, f1-score, recall, and root-mean-squared error) are examined

Business Security Design Improvement Using Digitization

In this simulation study, the facilities were not crowded. The reading environment in these businesses was also observed to be promising in such a way that they were marked by good lighting, minimal noise, and adequate ventilation. Another physical aspect concerned the stock of books. In particular, the businesses displayed a state of variety whereby these books were arranged based on the broad and specific subjects to which they belonged. The use of technology was another dominant feature in the three businesses and this trend can be linked to the pressure towards keeping abreast with changing technologies and the evolution of business user demands in these institutions. Apart from the availability of books in physical form, sections of the copies were available in the soft copy and this feature was pronounced in the case of the high business center. The businesses were also different in terms of the overall physical sizes but this attribute could be attributed to the differences in the expected number of users. For example, the middle school and high school businesses were larger compared to the elementary business center visited but this outcome could be explained by the smaller number of business users in the selected elementary school. Hence, it can be inferred that the expected number of users dictates the overall and physical size of a business center

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

Fracture fixation in the operative management of hip fractures (FAITH): an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial

Background Reoperation rates are high after surgery for hip fractures. We investigated the effect of a sliding hip screw versus cancellous screws on the risk of reoperation and other key outcomes. Methods For this international, multicentre, allocation concealed randomised controlled trial, we enrolled patients aged 50 years or older with a low-energy hip fracture requiring fracture fixation from 81 clinical centres in eight countries. Patients were assigned by minimisation with a centralised computer system to receive a single large-diameter screw with a side-plate (sliding hip screw) or the present standard of care, multiple small-diameter cancellous screws. Surgeons and patients were not blinded but the data analyst, while doing the analyses, remained blinded to treatment groups. The primary outcome was hip reoperation within 24 months after initial surgery to promote fracture healing, relieve pain, treat infection, or improve function. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00761813. Findings Between Mar